These documents don't contain any marked-up headings.

• Headings are important as they provide structure to a document, especially those that consist of many pages.

• When headings are properly and consistently used, the document becomes much easier to understand and navigate for all users, and provides additional benefits such as the ability to automatically generate a Table of Contents.

1. In a course that has Canvas Ally turned on, select Accessibility Report from the course navigation menu.

2. Scroll to the list of issues on the bottom of the page and select The document does not have any headings.

3. A page will load listing all images with issues, select the Fuel Symbol/Score on the righthand side of the image you wish to fix. A new tab will open up showing the Canvas Page that Ally is referring to.

4. Follow the instructions provided on Ally:

   1. Download the Original Document.

   2. Fix the Document with the Ally Instructions. (Organize your Content with Structured Headings). Examples of different documents are: Word, PDF, Powerpoint, etc.

   3. Save the New Document.

   4. Upload the New Document into Canvas Ally to replace the old document.

5. Return to the Accessibility Report and navigate to the The document does not have any headings topic to verify the issue shows as resolved.

These PDF documents are not tagged.

• Most documents are created in a word-processing program such as Word or PowerPoint before they are converted to a PDF.

• Many programs create PDF files, but few produce structured or tagged PDFs.

• PDF tags are hidden labels that clarify the structure of the document (e.g., table, heading, paragraph, etc.).

• Untagged PDFs do not contain any of this information and can cause the content to be misinterpreted.

• PDF tags are hidden labels that clarify the structure of the document and define what's a heading, paragraph, table, list, etc.

• Without these tags, PDF documents are essentially just a bag of difficult to distinguish words that can be really hard to navigate and understand for people with screen readers or other assistive devices.

• Essential for students with visual impairments - Tagged PDF files enable screen readers to determine a logical order and structure. Without tags, PDF files are just a bag of unstructured words.

• Easier navigation - The structural information in a tagged PDF allows for automatic generation of a table of contents. This facilitates navigation for all students, especially for long documents.

• Adapts to screen size - A tagged PDF will reflow the content to best fit your device. Without tags, students will be required to do more zooming and scrolling.

1. In a course that has Canvas Ally turned on, select Accessibility Report from the course navigation menu.

2. Scroll to the list of issues on the bottom of the page and select The document is untagged.

3. A page will load listing all images with issues, select the Fuel Symbol/Score on the righthand side of the image you wish to fix. A new tab will open up showing the Canvas Page that Ally is referring to.

4. The solution for this issue is to upload a new PDF document which has Tags.

5. Download the original PDF by selecting the download symbol across the top of the frame.

6. Open the document in Adobe Acrobat Pro (or other PDF Reader - note, the instructions below are for Adobe.

• Boise State University has access to free Adobe Acrobat Pro licenses.

  • To get a license, contact your department or college administrator to request an Acrobat Pro license, or send a request to the Help Desk at helpdesk@boisestate.edu. Please reach out to the Help Desk for questions or additional information at (208) 426-4357 or helpdesk@boisestate.edu.

7. Fix the PDF.

• Use Adobe Acrobat Pro to add Tags to the PDF.

  • Creating accessible PDFs in Adobe Acrobat

  • To tag a PDF in Acrobat, choose Tools > Accessibility > Add Tags To Document.

  • This command works on any untagged PDF, such as one created with Adobe PDF Printer. Acrobat analyzes the content of the PDF to interpret the individual page elements, their hierarchical structure, and the intended reading order of each page.

8. Save the PDF.

9. Re-upload the newly tagged document.

10. Return to the Accessibility Report and navigate to the The document is untagged to verify the issue shows as resolved.

These PDF documents are missing a title.

A PDF title is a more descriptive and meaningful version of the file name. PDF titles are often visible in the PDF window or tab. This visibility makes it easier to distinguish multiple PDFs before diving in.

• Helpful for students with visual impairments - When multiple PDFs are open, well defined PDF titles allow for easier distinction between them. This distinction is particularly useful when relying on screen readers.

• Easier navigation - Well defined PDF titles can help students assess the content of a document. This quick assessment helps students save time deciding which documents to engage with.

1. In a course that has Canvas Ally turned on, select Accessibility Report from the course navigation menu.

2. Scroll to the list of issues on the bottom of the page and select The PDF does not have a tite.

3. A page will load listing all images with issues, select the Fuel Symbol/Score on the righthand side of the image you wish to fix. A new tab will open up showing the Canvas Page that Ally is referring to.

4. Follow the instructions provided on Ally:

   1. Download the Original Document.

   2. Fix the Document with the Ally Instructions. Examples of different documents are: Word, PDF, Powerpoint, etc.

   3. Save the New Document.

   4. Upload the New Document into Canvas Ally to replace the old document.

      1. Use Adobe Acrobat Pro to add Tags to the PDF.

         1. Creating accessible PDFs in Adobe Acrobat

         2. To tag a PDF in Acrobat, choose Tools > Accessibility > Add Descriptions to the Images in the Document. This command works on any untagged PDF, such as one created with Adobe PDF Printer. Acrobat analyzes the content of the PDF to interpret the individual page elements, their hierarchical structure, and the intended reading order of each page.

5. Return to the Accessibility Report and navigate to the The document is missing a title to verify the issue shows as resolved.

The list (<ul> or <ol>) elements in the HTML content contain inappropriate child elements.

This can cause screen readers to read out the definition lists incorrectly.

1. In a course that has Canvas Ally turned on, select Accessibility Report from the course navigation menu.

2. Scroll to the list of issues on the bottom of the page and select

These documents contain tables that don't have or properly specify a header structure.

People with screen readers or other assistive devices rely on a semantically meaningful and correct heading structure to help them navigate the table and understand the meaning of every cell, but it can be beneficial to everyone to have a clear structure in the table.

1. In a course that has Canvas Ally turned on, select Accessibility Report from the course navigation menu.

2. Scroll to the list of issues on the bottom of the page and select Document: the document has tables that don’t have any headers.

3. A page will load listing all images with issues, select the Fuel Symbol/Score on the righthand side of the image you wish to fix. A new tab will open up showing the Canvas Page that Ally is referring to.

4. Edit the Canvas Page. L

   1. Locate the table that was flagged by Ally, highlight the cells that should be “Headers”

   2. Click on the Table Icon from the rich content editor. Select Cell → Select Cell Properties.

   3. A new window will pop up. Select the drop-down option for “Cell Type” and change the type from Cell to Header. Select Save.

   4. Save the page when you are finished.

   5. Close the tab.

5. Return to the Accessibility Report and navigate to the The HTML's heading structure does not start at the right level topic to verify the issue shows as resolved.